Showing posts with label Deception. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Deception. Show all posts

Wednesday, 1 June 2016

Psychological Manipulation Techniques

A list of almost 200 psychological manipulation techniques in no particular order; to you, my magnificent reader. Most are aimed at getting people to do what you want, but some also protect you from being deceived.  5000 words.


 


 psychological manipulation techniques


 


I decided to leave out cognitive biases and fallacies since the posts is quite long the way it is. But rest assured that I am going to dig into those two topics sometime in the future.


Psychological Manipulation Techniques & Tactics


 


  1. Never show people that you are upset, for it makes you appear weak. Social Justice Warriors take notice!

  2. If someone makes a joke at your expenses, pretend that you didn’t hear it, while looking straight into his eyes. A joke that has to be explained or repeated loses its’

  3. Make use of the Law of Reciprocity (By Robert Cialdini): People will feel obligated do a favour for you in return for your gift/kindness/favour.

  4. Multiple studies have found that clean shaven, well-dressed men are treated more favourably by judges.

  5. Learn to use fallacies, cognitive biases and dissonance to your favour.

  6. If you want to gain access into a person’s life, especially of one of the opposite sex, use subtle flattery.

  7. Whenever possible try to assume the role of the father (to women) or brother. People will easily submit their trust to you.

  8. The basis of authority? Body language, clothing style, financial resources, likeability/charm and intelligence. Combine them to lay the groundwork for all the other psychological manipulation techniques.

  9. The Deference Principle: People will trust you and follow your instructions if you appear to be a person of authority.

  10. Walk like a King to be treated like one. If you act and appear to be in a position of power, you will soon be.

  11. Use the Door in the Face technique. Make an enormous request (like https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristobal_Colon did when asking for funding of his expedition) without the intention of having someone accept it. If you follow up with a small request afterwards, you are much more likely to have your request granted.

  12. Similar to the Foot in the Door technique. Ask them for a small favour and if they agree, follow up with a larger request.

  13. If you want people to agree to your request, offer to do a little part of it, they are much more likely to agree if they see your good will.

  14. The Placebo Information. Give people any reason using “because” in the request. Studies have shown that the compliance can skyrocket, when giving any reason for your request.

  15. Propaganda masterminds know that repetition is an excellent way to convince people of something. The sweet spot for repeating something lies between 3-5 times, according to studies. After that diminishing returns set in.

  16. Overwhelm people by speaking quickly and overload their brain with your information or views. This psychological manipulation techniques may both be used offensively as well as defensively.

  17. People love people who like them.

  18. Use positive affirmations. Tell yourself that you like your vis-à-vis or that you are not only the greatest, but the double greatest.

  19. People hate people who hate them.

  20. Whenever you want someone to cooperate, agree with you or want them to calm down when angry, stand in a 45° angle to them or next to them.

  21. Standing or sitting in a direct line of a person tricks the brain into believing that the vis-à-vis is an enemy.

  22. People will be more likely to do you favors if you make more physical, platonic contact with them. Note the word “platonic”. Unless they are attracted to you, flirtatious behaviour will make them more aloof. One of the highly successful psychological manipulation techniques, frequently used subconscious.

  23. Be aware of whether a person is a “thinker” or a “feeler” and target your message accordingly. Most people though value emotion over rationality.

  24. The three elements of every speech or debate? Logos (the Content/Argument), Ethos (credibility/authority) and Pathos (means to influence his audience or opponent, emotional appeal).

  25. Caffeine increases the situation awareness and alertness. Usually a good thing, though it can be used for manipulation. A person on caffeine is more easily influence than he would otherwise be. A study found out that people are 35% more inclined to agree with you, if high on coffee.

  26. Reversal: People who are tired, are easier to manipulate as well.

  27. As a woman it is mandatory to never wear too much or too little makeup, unless you wish to come across as untrustworthy and unsympathetic.

  28. Ask for a favour at a time most convenient for your target, making him less likely to refuse. No brainer, but I still want to empathise the need for proper timing.

  29. If you want to manipulate people, alter their mental state. A scared, stressed, shocked or anxious person has less inclination to refuse. Reason is that they think with their primitive limbic system, which only knows black & white, but no shades of grey.

  30. Of course, the modern Machiavelli must not only use mental manipulation techniques but must also know how to recognise emotional manipulation, to not end up being the one deceived. A stoic mind helps and allows you to focus and think rational, making it easy to spot the characteristics of a manipulative personality.

  31. Chew gum before or during a stressful situation to trick your mind into thinking that there can’t be an immediate danger, because you are “eating”.

  32. It is possible to manipulate feelings and perceptions based on an object someone is touching. Heavy object = thinks more seriously about things. Rough object = pessimistic train of thought, bad mood.

  33. Hard chairs make for a hard negotiation. People sitting on them are less likely to cooperate.

  34. Women seem men wearing red as attractive and desirable. Men wearing blue as more stable, as boyfriend material. White = innocence.

  35. A two-sided argument refuting the opposite argument is more persuasive than a one-sided argument.

  36. Light swearing at the beginning or end of a speech, debate, etc is often beneficial as it increases the audience’s perception of the speaker’s intensity.

  37. What everyone is aiming for: Affiliation, being liked, accuracy and a positive self-concept, ego.

  38. Tell people that they look/are exactly the person who would do xyz.

  39. Convince them that you are Jesus Christ reborn. Pretend to be loved by everyone to create massive social proof.

  40. Never use qualifying words (maybe, probably,…) when trying to influence people. Instead, frame your words in a way that makes them sound like you are only stating confirmed, definite facts.

  41. How to manipulate people into thinking that you pose no threat? Look harmless and pretend to be the wolf in a sheep hide. Perception is reality.

  42. Charles Manson tips on recruiting: Always keep the mood positive, tire them out, get attractive people to charm them. Interesting fact: his most favourite book, the foundation of his artful psychological manipulation techniques is the following book: How to Win Friends & Influence People

  43. Show interest in other people. If you do, people are more likely to like you.

  44. People gravitate towards those with a strong reputation, even if their gut tells them that someone else, though more obscure, is a better leader. Keep this in mind while mentally manipulating groups.

  45. Want to keep people down whose nutrition you can dictate? Keep their schedule busy and feed them a sugar-based diet.

  46. When dealing with a religious person, swear to god that you are telling the truth, when lying.

  47. A person who frequently draws attention to his genitals(scratching, adjusting down there. Holding his belt with his thumbs, ergo taking a manly stance) values his masculinity. Attacks on his masculinity will hurt him much more while he will love to hear compliments about it.

  48. Mirror other people’s body language and actions. Don’t do it instantly, because they will catch up on it, but do it with some time delay. Attention: People trained in NLP will most likely catch your mirroring attempts.

  49. Repeat a person’s name often during a conversation. Not only will this help you remember it, it makes him like you more.

  50. Match your speech (speed, use of words, pitch) to your vis-à-vis to build rapport

  51. Match your breathing, blinking and walking speed to them

  52. Belief and emotion trumps rationality and logic.

  53. Show, don’t tell. Manipulation is much easier if you base it upon tangible things and emotion instead of talk. Win through your actions, never through argument.

  54. Avoid the bright spotlight. The darkness and shadows are your friend.

  55. Give people the illusion of choice. Make them play with the cards you deal.

  56. Women who tilt their heads back come across as less feminine, chin down = more attractive. Making the orgasm face (think of Marilyn Monroe) makes them more attractive, as well as signs of submission like high eyebrows or revealing the neck.

  57. Obey your father. This was already written in the bible (I believe) and can be used to effectively deliver advice. Say “my father once told me, that it is best to do xyz that way”.

  58. Men who tilt their head back are considered more masculine. Men who show signs of submission are less attractive.

  59. Calibration is an essential tool of the skilful manipulator. Gauge reactions and emotions and adjust accordingly. If you see that you are overwhelming someone, slow down.

  60. Different wording can make all the difference in manipulation attempts. Spin doctors excel at this and re-word a massive tax increase in a way that makes voters agree with it.

  61. It is much easier to make an optimist passionate for something. Avoid the toxic & pessimistic people, because they often are harder to fall victim to psychological manipulation techniques.

  62. One of the strongest tools to shame someone is to accuse them of being creepy. This is a word nobody wants to be associated with.

  63. Emphasise scarcity. People want what they can’t have, or at least what might be running short.

  64. Reversal: Abundance. If you come from a place of abundance, are known for or appear to not be needing the deal/the girl/the job, you are in a favourable position.

  65. Dominance is sexy. Women are more likely to agree with something, if they are touched on the arm during the request.

  66. Squeeze people for the last penny. Be bold with your demands. Show no mercy because you will not be shown any. If you give someone a finger, they will take your whole arm.

  67. Science confirms that strong emotions make people fall in love faster. Watch horror movies, rob a bank, create adrenaline.

  68. Want someone to agree with you? Start asking them something you know they are going to agree upon, even if unrelated. For example ask a liberal person “I hate Hitler, do you like him?”

  69. Find out your common interests and strengths and exaggerate them, while downplaying or ignoring any differences that exist between you.

  70. Women who smile are more attractive. Men who smile less and appear serious are more attractive. Attractive equals charisma and makes it easier for you to use psychological manipulation techniques on your target.

  71. When you asked the buying question, shut your trap. Never make the mistake of talking yourself out of a deal.

  72. If you were forced to make an apology, delivered it artfully and it was accepted, the same rule applies. Immediately stop apologising lest you want to talk yourself out of the apology.

  73. Usually, when your apology has been accepted under protest and grumbling, it is best to not apologise again, for you might draw upon you resentments waiting to come at you. Giving it a little space and time is the preferred course of action here.

  74. Never ever do the mistake to give your target reasons to not do what you want them to do. Sounds basic? It is not.

  75. People like people who are like them. A narcissistic HR person is most likely to hire a narcissistic candidate.

  76. It is human nature to trust their fellow man, hence are naturally born naive, susceptible to psychological manipulation techniques.

  77. People who have recently eaten are easier to convince of something. Maslow’s Pyramid of needs at work.

  78. Never immediately end a conversation after getting the information you need. Ask a couple of inconsequential questions or chat a little. Later, when the target tries to remember the conversation, they will most likely only recall the last 2 questions.

  79. Security is often an illusion. Never drop your guard, especially not at a business party, never reveal too much.

  80. Never believe a conversation to be confidential.

  81. A man convinced against his opinion is of the same opinion still.

  82. Avoid the direct confrontation when you argue with someone, hoping that he will change his opinion. Even if they agree to your point of view, they will despise you for it.

  83. When asking for a favour, it is only beneficial if you ask for it in front of the public/other people. If they agree, they look kind, and they fear that if they disagree they might look cold.

  84. If you want your target to agree with you, nod while asking the question. If you want him to disagree, shake your head.

  85. When asking for a favour, it is beneficial to appear dominant. Look them straight into their eyes. Intimidation is an excellent foundation for psychological manipulation techniques.

  86. Dominate & intimidate by looking at your vis-à-vis’ forehead or hairline. This is going to subconsciously evoke feelings of inferiority and insecurity in them.

  87. Speaking of dominance, muscles do help, as well as a bald or clean-shaven head have been shown to have a positive effect on your ability to follow up with psychological manipulation techniques.

  88. Being thin and therefore having a chiselled jaw makes you appear more dominant. A wide chin is a sign of high testosterone.

  89. Don’t overdo it but take a sentence, rephrase it and feed it back to them. This gives them the illusion that you are an avid listener and interested in them. Also known as “reflective listening”.

  90. Many people enjoy helping, hence, if you have a request, you can start by stating that you need their help.

  91. If you see a bum and know that he is going to turn to aggressive begging techniques, ask him for money first to utterly confuse him.

  92. If you feel like someone is telling only half the truth, utilise the tension of silence and stare at them.

  93. Develop a stare that would make Mussolini proud. Staring someone down can be very beneficial during a confrontation.

  94. Keep eye contact but don’t overdo it. People who lie often hold strong eye contact, despite popular opinion that they look away. This falls under the “silent” psychological manipulation techniques.

  95. Don’t give signs of confirmation all the time while listening. Ergo don’t nod all the time or say “mhm/I agree”. This reveals your approval seeking agenda.

  96. Flatter, but never flatter too much. Also, be careful when people are shy, because they will often resent compliments. Confident narcissists can’t get enough of them on the other hand.

  97. Not only observe your target, but also the reactions of their friends. Sometimes the friends reveal your targets real thoughts.

  98. Taunt your target into delivering excellent results, but questioning his abilities. Enraged people will go out of their way to prove you wrong. Use sparingly.

  99. Touching guests, having a cheerful mood, giving them free sweets and drawing a smiley on the bill, increases the tips of waiters (and of prostitutes).

  100. Ask questions to throw people off balance. For example, if someone is playing well (Poker, Sports, …), ask him what he changed about his game because he usually never plays that good.

  101. Using a frame breaker in the form of doing something unexpected or asking annoying questions can be used in many other Situations as well.

  102. Arrogant sales people sell more to rich buyers in outlet stores. This also applies to real estate. Adapt to your customer and you might even find psychological manipulation techniques obsolete in some scenarios.

  103. The illusion of irrevocability says that people will change the way they think about something to justify their behaviour. If you gas enough people of a particular race/ideology because it is your job, you are guaranteed to despise those people.

  104. Never underestimate the importance of a first impression. This combined with the halo effect can be either beneficial or catastrophic for you.

  105. Divide & Conquer. Alienate people to make them depend on you or to weaken the enemy from within.

  106. People who think that you are a good-for-nothing-asshole are going to convince themselves that you indeed are, even if you start handing out soup to the homeless and rescue kittens in your free time. People hate being wrong and hence will try to convince themselves that their opinion of you was true.

  107. Be bold, be confident, ask for more rather than less, exaggerate your skills and achievements, dress and groom well. The basics of every job interview or political speech.

  108. Use reinforcement to manipulate people. Both positive and negative as well as intermittent or partial reinforcement.

  109. Use sugar bread & whip, rewards & punishment. Use selective generosity to lower defences.

  110. Enthusiasm is contagious. Always be in a cheerful, positive mood and others will start to love you for it. The opposite is also true.

  111. A couple of confidence instilling tricks… the key to confidence is walking into a room, and assuming everyone there already likes and respects you. Make a habit of smiling at people… smile more and see how good you will feel about yourself, in the process you will make others feel good, and you will render yourself open to making more friends/associates. When alone, try making the biggest smile possible, you’ll automatically feel happier and more outgoing. Also, if you start acting like you’re a confident and assertive person, people will believe you are indeed that – ‘fake it until you make it’.

  112. Read more about a favourable first impression as well as the art of forming a smile in my comprehensive summary of Law #12 – Use Selective Honesty and Generosity to Disarm your Victim.

  113. Get comfortable hiding & holding a knife behind a smile. The knife that is not expected cuts deep.

  114. Act like you belong, like you are an authority, and many people will not question whether you belong somewhere or have bad intentions.

  115. Writing things by hand improves the retention of the information, as students know, but also boost the likelihood of commitment to whatever has been written down.

  116. People are lazy and will always try to take a shortcut. Abuse this.

  117. In the same turn, think twice and hard about accepting a seemingly free lunch. Favours often are attempted psychological manipulation techniques in a sugarcoat disguise.

  118. “’Cuz when niggers are scared, that’s when white folks are safe.” “The only time black folks are safe, is when white folks is disarmed. And this letter had the desired effect of disarming white folks.” Quotes from The Hateful Eight. Use fear to secure your power.

  119. Avoid filler words whenever possible. Substitute the “ähms” for silence and recollect your thoughts.

  120. Anecdotes persuade people better than data does. Anecdotes invoke empathy, which triggers emotional reactions that assist in processing the data and the feelings. Emotions also trigger the memory centers in the brain.

  121. If I told you that 2 jumbo jets full of people died of smoking, and if I told someone else that x number of people die of smoking, who do you think would remember?

  122. What does it take to become a Machiavellian strategist? Strong manipulation skills as well as excellent analytical cold-reading skills. Hone them.

  123. If you are a bad liar and people can tell that you lie based on a specific tell-tale sign, incorporate this specific action in your everyday behaviour. Example, I sometimes swallow when I bluff during Poker, hence I swallow all the time (reading this sounds so wrong…)

  124. People love progress and are highly motivated by it. Even small victories keep them happy and motivated to continue doing what they are doing. Example if your girlfriend tries to change you, give her something and pretend that you have changed. You can always revert back to your old ways later on. Change a small behaviour to justify a huge, terrible behaviour.

  125. People lie most often on the telephone than they do during writing. Writing non-electronically decreases the amount and size of lies even more.

  126. Body language and facial expression can change your mood. Stand like a king and you shall feel like a king. Smile and you will feel happier in an instant.

  127. We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a habit. If you play the game of power, you will get better at it.

  128. People often ignore or overlook discrepancies in favour of things that are congruent with what they believe to be true. Therefore a prince may appear as he wishes to be seen.

  129. Always be nice & polite, until it is time to stop being nice & polite.

  130. Depending on your opposite, it can be useful to appear meek, humble and non-threatening

  131. Never hold a grudge against another person because it will cloud your judgement.

  132. Never fight a battle if you gain nothing by winning.

  133. Thank people often and congratulate them on the choices they made. This will reinforce their belief of having made a great decision.

  134. Never believe anyone who constantly tells you what a great decision you have made. They are out to get you.

  135. Ask people for their opinions and possibly follow the advice they gave you. Thank them later on for the great advice.

  136. The beauty of mob mentality and social proof. Never forget that human beings are only a small step above sheep. Social proof and social pressure can be your ally.

  137. Wear a cross necklace. Many people believe religious people to be good, righteous people.

  138. (Pretend to) be nice to animals. Many people believe animal lovers to be good, righteous people.

  139. Want an answer to a question? Instead of asking the question, post a wrong answer. People are much more likely to correct you than answer a question.

  140. Everyone wants to be liked, admired and be right.

  141. Not what you say matters, but how you say it. As well as who says it.

  142. People will believe a person they like and defend their viewpoint, even if they are unsure of the truth content of said statement.

  143. There is only one radio station people listen to. WII.FM. What’s in it for me?

  144. I have a great memory but pretend that I don’t. If I was honest, I would rob myself of an excuse.

  145. Plausible deniability is your friend. Use it yourself to avert repercussions. Use it on others to make them admit an error, submit information or not feel as bad.

  146. Assumption Principle: Assume that the other person agrees with your terms. Example “I am going to come to your place and show you how I can save you money on your insurance. When is the best time?”

  147. Also assume that everyone loves you, that every word from your mouth is golden and that your poop smells like flowers.

  148. Even better is to combine this approach with limited options. Make people choose between 20:00 and 21:30.

  149. More on options: never give people too many options. If you do, they will feel overwhelmed and do nothing.

  150. Don’t fear rejection, be confident and never ever let anyone know that they have power over you, because you fear their rejection.

  151. Gifts randomly given can have a huge positive impact. A gift constantly given in a row (3+ times) ceases to be a gift, but becomes an obligation instead.

  152. The beginning and the end are remembered. The middle usually not. You can apply this law of human nature in various situations.

  153. If you appear to be reluctant to ask for a favour or seem to be distressed, people are more likely to help you out.

  154. If a person blinks fast they are usually bored with the conversation, but it is also a sign of distress. A relaxed person, or someone interested in you/the conversation will blink less.

  155. With chewing gum it is the opposite. A person who enjoys something will chew faster. Offering gum to a woman you are trying to seduce can be a good move if you want to gauge her interest.

  156. Be clear, concise and bold. Never say “do not hesitate to call me, if you like me” instead be bold and say “call me on Monday”

  157. Never RAP with strangers. Don’t talk about Religion, Abortion, Politics and other controversial topics.

  158. Be prepared for the unexpected. Make sure to have a Plan B.

  159. If you are in dire need of a flood of motivation, burn down your ships and bridges and don’t have a backup plan.

  160. Analyse yourself, assess your strengths and weaknesses. You need to know how you look and behave when you are in various situations, for example when not telling the truth. Realising something is the first step to recover.

  161. Act dumb, uneducated, naïve or inexperienced. Others will become arrogant and prone to mistakes if they underestimate you and believe that every psychological manipulation technique used against you was going succeed without any resistance.

  162. Be like a social chameleon and adapt to your environment. Think as you like but behave like others.

  163. Always keep frame, never lower your mask even for the fraction of a second, because if you lose your mask, the mask is lost forever. Keep in mind that you must guard your reputation with your life.

  164. Never fight a battle if you don’t gain anything substantial when winning. Play through all the possible scenarios in your head, or even better on paper, before making a decision.

  165. Master the art of storytelling to charm victims with contagious stories.

  166. Mastery comes through practice. Practice speeches, practice persuasion attempts, practice facial expressions in the mirror.

  167. The general who wins the battle makes many calculations in his temple before the battle is fought. The general who loses makes but few calculations beforehand. Fortuna loves preparation and the modern Machiavelli must pay close attention to his plans

  168. Always have a clear goal in mind and make sure to never shoot past the aim.

  169. Analyse your target. Find out as much as possible about his strengths and weaknesses. You never know what kind of information can benefit you, or be used against him.

  170. It is said that if you know your enemies and know yourself, you will not be imperiled in a hundred battles; if you do not know your enemies but do know yourself, you will win one and lose one; if you do not know your enemies nor yourself, you will be imperiled in every single battle.

  171. Having much information on your enemy gives you the upper hand. Adjust your dealings accordingly and lure them with the bait most suited for them.

  172. According to the Needs Principle, a person who knows what another man needs can easily manipulate him.

  173. Draw attention to something by mentioning it. I am certain that you know the “don’t think about an elephant” trick. Use this cognitive loophole to manipulate people into thinking about a certain thing. For example, tell someone about a house that burned down and then ask him if he has turned down the oven.

  174. Make sure you only surround yourself with people beneficial to your goal. If you want to look like a sophisticated gentleman, don’t let it known that your friends are hooligans. Your company will always fade upon you.

  175. If your target starts raising their voice, tell them that you’ll understand them better if they talk calmly. This phrase is provocative because everyone wants to be understood in a debate. Same goes for a sudden increase in speed.

  176. Put the con in confidence. Never show weakness or seem hesitant. People despise weakness and will see right through your act if you fake it.

  177. Learn from your own mistakes, learn from other’s mistakes, amplify their mistakes to gain leverage.

  178. Don’t make the mistake of forgetting about the peripheral vision. Just because someone isn’t directly looking at you doesn’t mean that he doesn’t notice what’s going on. Women have a much better peripheral vision; this is the reason they are good at finding stuff in the fridge and their bags.

  179. Make people jump through your hoops. It will make it easier to ultimately get them to buy. If they have to make a little effort, they are going to value you or your service much more.

  180. people will forget what you said, people will forget what you did, but people will never forget how you made them feel.

  181. The strong eat the weak. If you push someone, he won’t notice you stealing his wallet. If you accuse your opponent of a huge case of corruption, people forget that you are accused of being a Nazi.

  182. Learn how to flash an authentic looking fake smile. Smile with your eyes, form the smile slowly. Don’t smile for no reason at all, or you will be perceived like Forrest Gump.

  183. Use your body language as a tool in the psychological manipulation process. Stay tuned for a post on body language hacks and tricks to read non-verbal clues.

  184. When going to McDonalds, you don’t have to take their shit in silence. If you buy a burger, demand to have it made fresh. If you order Coke, drink a chunk of it and then complain that there is not enough gas in the Coke and have them change the gas cartridge.

  185. You can never fool 100% of the people 100% of the time, just like you can’t force compliance indefinitely.

  186. Question everything, never believe anything without haven given it a quick, better yet thorough, think.

  187. If you can’t be 100% certain that someone is telling you the truth, better assume that he is lying.

  188. Never sweat the small stuff. Trusting someone’s word is good, but rereading the contract or checking the car for small damages is better. Remember what Il Duce said: It is good to trust people, but not doing so is much better.

  189. Not only is it important to know your terrain, but you must also know your body. Be aware of it, know what is good for him and treat him in a royal fashion. Know how you react to various drugs and supplements and whenever needed, don’t be hesitant to aid your concentration or relaxation.

 


Thank you for reading and congratulations for making it to the end. Try to remember these psychological manipulation techniques and practise them in a safe environment, before you step into the ring with the big opponents.


 


 


 

Friday, 27 May 2016

The Craft of Power Summary #2

The Craft of Power Review


 


This is Part 2 of 3 of The Craft of Power Summaries


Part #1 can be found here


Part #3 can be found here (in progress)


The book is rare and expensive though available on both the Internet and Amazon. You can find it here. Written by Ralph Gun Hoy Siu.


 


The Craft of Power Summary Part #2


 


HONING STRATEGIES AND TACTICS


 


The Eight Axioms

– Don’t confuse the platform for power with levers.

– Platforms are broad and strategic, levers are pointed and tactical.

– A platform is a springboard for many options, each lever is a commitment to a specific act.

– There are eight axioms that form quality strategy and tactics.

– 1: Adjust the objective to the resources, expending neither more for an intermediary target than it is worth in its contribution to the ultimate objective nor less than is needed to gain it.

– 2: Keep the objective always in sight, ensuring a clear line of attack without ending in a cul de sac.

– 3: Shape the operations so as to allow alternative tactical targets, thereby placing the opposition on the horns of dilemma.

– 4: Exploit the path of least resistance, always pointing in the direction of the final objective.

– 5: Pursue the course of least expectation on the part of the opposition, deceiving and beguiling to widen his miscalculation.

– 6: Maintain a flexible posture, responding to exigencies of the unexpected.

– 7: Refrain from repeating a line of attack that has just failed, recognising that the opposition had in all probability the reinforced themselves in the interim.

– 8: Dislocate the opposition, upsetting their strategic balance and disjoining their psychological reserve with goading lures and traps before striking the decisive blow.


 


Offense

– Though the general fundamentals remain the same, there are some small differences in how to obtain power depending on where you trying to obtain it. A king trying to take over a neighbouring kingdom may act a bit differently than an executive trying to overtake the CEO of a company. Calibration of tactics is key.

– When planning a takeover one must consider his options. If a direct takeover is not an option then one must resort to more indirect means.

– A direct takeover is simple. A king marches his army to the neighbouring country and invades. If a direct assault is not an option then resort to an indirect one.

– When resorting to an indirect takeover one must start small.

– Do not mount a new grab for power without a clear plan and knowing what will need to be done.

– Indirect takeover Phase 1: Get your allies appointed to key positions within the enemy structure. For example: a king wishing to take over a neighbouring kingdom indirectly, can get his allies appointed to key military positions in the enemy army and key positions in the enemies council. You start to gradually increase your influence indirectly through your allies that have infiltrated the enemy.

Phase two: once you have your pawns in place a full on, and swift, take over will be simple.

[NOTE] The book doesn’t give examples on how to get your allies placed in bed with the enemy but if you are intelligent enough to pull this off then you are intelligent enough to figure it out. I believe the lack of examples is because it’s highly situational. I find that referring to the 48 Laws of Power can help here.

– Be careful to make sure your power grabs remain under the radar for as long as possible. The opposition can’t defend against an attack he doesn’t see coming.

– Timing is everything. Moving at the right time, or at the wrong time, can affect the end outcome. Timing is not to be overlooked.

– Propaganda is useful, use it to your advantage.

– Once you have taken over the opposition you must put in place safeguards that will secure your new power position.


 


Defense

– You cannot always avoid confrontation nor can you always pick the time and place and therefore you must always be prepared for the worst case scenario at all times.

– The following measures can help safeguard your power:

– 1) Know the overall context of your power and the ensuing strategic consideration in its basic and interrelated facets

– 2) Establish a system of deterrence embedded in the tailored laws and rules

– 3) Manifest a system of deterrence backed by the power to punish

– 4) Continue the process of assimilating incipient oppositions

– 5) Defuse trouble spots and attack when necessary

– One of the best ways to maintain power is to make people dependent on you. It is much harder to control people that don’t need you.

– It may be better to be feared than loved but accomplish both and retaining your power will be much easier.

– Those who can’t be bought can be intimidated, those who can’t be intimidated can be bought. Very few are resistant to both.

– If you know you can’t stop dissidents from rising then seek to control instead of eliminating them. Subtly manipulate them into supporting causes that pose no threat to you.

– If you recognise an offence forming against you, a pre-emptive attack, assuming you have the numbers, can be a sound decision.

– If the opposition is strong then instigating a conflict between the opponent and another third party can work well. The third party will weaken the opposition for you. Better yet if the third party doesn’t realise you instigated it and is simply a pawn. Make sure, however, the third party doesn’t grow too strong if he wins and starts posing a threat to you.

– Remember, all these tactics work as well for the king as they do for the office executive. Calibration of tactics is key. Also, refer to The 48 Laws of Power and The 36 Stratagems.


 


Opportunist

– Opportunist don’t see people as good or bad but simply useful or not useful.

– They are constantly on the look out for opportunities that can help them accumulate more power.

– They are not above creating situations that can lead to opportunities.

– The opportunist will wait when a conflict breaks out, see who the likely winner is, and then align with them in order to gain favour with the victor once the war is over.

– They are often “middlemen” of sorts playing both sides to see who will benefit them the most.

– While playing both sides the opportunist is going to ensure to be the perfect courtier (Law 24) and to keep their hands clean (Law 26) to avoid suspicion.

– The opportunist is like a master chess player, he always plans several moves ahead.

– The opportunist thrives in chaos as chaos creates many opportunities in which the opportunist can then exploit.

– The supreme example of an opportunist is the character of Petyr “Littlefinger” Baelish from the Game of Thrones series on HBO.


 


Coalition

– History has shown that sooner or later allies ultimately become enemies.

– An ally will sometimes stab you in the back if it is in his best interest to do so especially if the ally is another person of power or person of much ambition.

– You should consider precautionary measures before voluntarily entering into an alliance.

– 1) Figure out if outside help is essential for your specific purpose at hand. Unless circumstances leave no alternative then it’s usually preferable to not seek an alliance. Be wary of making an alliance with a person who does not need you and is also powerful as they could just be using you only to discard you when they are done. They could even be indirectly taking over your power foundation.

– 2) If you do plan to make an alliance then be sure to establish a prior agreement as to what each member must contribute at all points of the alliance. Be suspicious of those who dont want to make a commitment and to those who promise you the moon. Both types are unreliable.

– 3) Maintain constant vigilance to ensure everything is going according to plan. If one ally seems to be intentionally getting to far out of line be sure to take steps to correct or compensate for this.

– 4) Take steps to ensure your ally isn’t simply using you to destory their enemies before turning on you to destory you. If you plan on uisng that stragety to destory someone then plan as if they are aware of your scheme.

– 5) Conduct your operation in such a way that at the time of the joint victory your own resverves and system are not so unbalanced that your competitive position is impoverished. The closer to victory against the common foe you stand, the more closeely should you scrutinize your own fortunes, adjust your balance, and toughen your resilience.


 


VECTORING RESOURCES


Parapropritary control

– The prelude to power in modern times is the battle for social or organizational positions, which constitute the decision-making loci governing resources. No chief of state owns the mens he directs; no banker the money he manipulates, no bishop the heaven he promises, but they all act as if they do. Such is the common state of affairs in a paraproprietary society.

– There are two considerations to keep in mind as you try to move upwards in a paraproprietary society

– 1) The number of positions available within the inner circle. When on the outside trying to get in it can often be eaiser to convience the powers at be to enlarge the circle and create a new position rather than trying to displace someone already in the circle thus taking their position. You can also try to convience the powers that be to open up a different and new position that has the powers you want and then give that position to you.

– Once you become a member of the inner circle you should support moves to further restrict the membership. Sharing power is not only a loss of personal power but a threat to what power is left.

– 2) Within the inner circle will be different positions all with different amounts of power. Decide which is the best for your goals and keep an eye on it.


 


People

– First step on path to power to to assemble a well-knit cadre backed by follwers beyond that in numbers adequate for the attainment for the next two milestones. Be VERY cautious about trying to go anywhere without this cadre and be VERY cautious about trying to reach for power beyond the strength of the platform you have constructed.

– Ceaser is a great example. Through his charm and persuasion he gained much credit and favor with many of the senators and through his festivals he gained favor of the people.

– In general, the magnitude of power in your hands is a direct function of the size of your constituency.

– Strive to increase the number of constituents you have.

– Strive to make all you constituents feel a sense of belonging to the orginization. The also need to feel like you are one of them and that you understand them.

– Minimize the overt expression of superiority by one segment of your followers over another. Example: A roman general ordered that slaves be added to the army to increase numbers and passed law forbidding any roman to belittle the slaves.

– Know and understand the people who follow you so that you can better persuade and control them.

– Continue to strengthen cadre by finding capable people and adding them in.

– Make sure to continue to keep an eye on the cadre though and stop a power struggle before it begins.

– If a person is doing a good job but is threatening you power and you must let him go its often better to do it with “face-saving honors” so he keeps his dignity and you dont create an enemy. However, sometimes its best to make an example of out this person so others fear trying to step up to your power.


 


Money

– The more corrupt a society the more money you need to control to gain and maintain power.

– The less money you have/control the more well versed in manipulation, deceit, and warefare you must be to ovecome the lack of money.

– People who have risen to power often had to borrow, beg, and steal to get money they needed.

– In modern America “Super PACs” are a great example. The Canidate doesn’t own that money but controls millions of dollars worth of donations that he can use to further his cause.


 


Indentitive Inducements

– Money is an important factor in attracting and keeping good talent but its not always the only factor.

– Prestige symbols such as reputation, feelings of achievement, publicity, and status symbols often work as well.

– There exist three types if motivation

– Indentitive: prestige symbols

– Utilitarian: granting and withholding of material things

– Coercive: the threat of injury or other punishment

– Generally, indentitive is better than utilitarian which is better than coercive.

– Find out what a perons motivations are and you can find out the best way to control them.


 


Push & Pull

– Instruments for inducing action can be divided into the push and the pull.

– Instruments of Push deter action by uisng fear of punishment or injury.

– Instruments of pull offers gains and rewards such as compliments, bonuses, etc.

– Strive to make the gains you give aligned with your goals. Examples: The king offers a Knight a large tract of land if the king wins the war. The office executive offers a bonus if the project his men are working on wins the contract.

– The progressive series in the push pulling of power is: 1) Killing the target individuals, 2) eliminating them, 3) damaging them, 4) threatening them, 5) cajoling them, 6) bribing them, 7) persuading them, 8) seducing them, 9) attracting them, and 10) educating them to your view.

– Generally you should use the more non-violent ones at the end of the spectrum. If effective they usually result in less backlash.

– In pearlious sutations you will sometimes have to resort to the more violent ones. Most people can either be bribed, intimidated, or seduced.


 


SHAPING COMMUNICATIONS


Need to Know

– Only give information to those with a direct need for it else it may fall (or be leaked) into the wrong hands.

– Only give them as much information as they can process so they dont get overwhelmed. Once processed then give them the rest.

– Information is power so you want to control the flow of information regarding you and your operations.

– If trying to usurp someone you must control the amount of information they have. Keep them in the dark, feed them false information, make them confused even.

– The manipulation of information given to the constituency is essential to stay in power.

– If they feel the future is 100% certenly going to be positive and prosperious they are less likley to surrender power to you. If, however, you give them small does of anxiety and uncertnetly, you can retain power over them by making them believe only you can lead them to prosperity.


 


Private Channels

– Be careful of your inner-cricle only telling you what they think you want to hear or worse, only what they want you to hear.

– Be sure to set up communication channels that bypass your staff so you can get accurate information. You want to know whats really going on and what people really think and feel.

– Remember, people trying to usurp you will attempt to limit the amount of correct information that you are getting.


 


I hope you enjoyed Part #2 of the Craft of Power Summaries and again I want to thank my friend warped_mindless